Correlation between Content of Active Ingredients of Aurantii Fructus and Soil Factor / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the correlation between the content of active ingredients of Aurantii Fructus in different main production areas and soil factors， so as to provide a theoretical basis for implementing ecological regulation of soil， improving the quality of Aurantii Fructus， and revealing the origin of genuine medicinal materials. MethodThe content of naringin， neohesperidin， total flavonoids， volatile oil， total nitrogen， total phosphorus， total potassium， and 17 soil factor-related indicators in 25 batches of Aurantii Fructus from different production areas were determined. The main soil factors affecting the content of active ingredients of Aurantii Fructus were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis， principal component analysis， and grey correlation analysis. ResultThe pH value of the soil is between 4.83 and 8.21， and the soil is weakly acidic and neutral in general. Soil fertility exceeds the average. Pearson correlation analysis shows that the soil factors most related to the four active ingredients of Aurantii Fructus are total phosphorus， available copper， available zinc， exchangeable magnesium， available sulfur， available phosphorus， and available molybdenum. Principal component analysis shows that total nitrogen， alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen， organic matter， available phosphorus， and available zinc are the main characteristic factors in soil. Grey correlation analysis shows that the main soil factors affecting the active ingredients of Aurantii Fructus are total phosphorus， total nitrogen， available zinc， available copper， exchangeable magnesium， and pH. ConclusionIn the cultivation of Aurantii Fructus， the medicinal material quality of Aurantii Fructus could be improved by adjusting the level of beneficial factors in the soil and improving the soil texture.

Chloroplast Genome Structure of Stemona tuberosa and Phylogenetic Analysis Based on PacBio Sequencing / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo obtain high-quality chloroplast genome information on Stemona tuberosa and clarify its structure， sequence features， and phylogenetic status. MethodThe Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and PacBio RS Ⅱ platforms were used for library construction and sequencing of S. tuberosa， respectively. The data from both sequencing platforms were combined and subjected to bioinformatics analysis for genome assembly and base correction， resulting in a high-quality chloroplast genome. Subsequently， sequence features， repetitive sequences， gene diversity， and phylogeny were analyzed. ResultThe chloroplast genome size of S. tuberosa was determined to be 154 379 bp. The structure of the chloroplast genome followed the typical quadripartite circular form， consisting of a pair of inverted repeat regions （IRs） with a length of 27 074 bp， a small single-copy region （SSC） of 17 924 bp， and a large single-copy region （LSC） of 82 307 bp. The average GC content was 37.86%. A total of 121 genes were annotated， including 30 tRNA genes， four rRNA genes， and 87 protein-coding genes. Among them， six tRNA genes and 12 protein-coding genes contained introns. In the chloroplast genome of S. tuberosa， 49 long repetitive sequences and 59 single-nucleotide simple sequence repeats （SSRs） were identified. Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes among four Stemona species revealed high diversity in the ycf1 and ndhF genes. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the chloroplast genome showed consistent classification with the current taxonomic status of S. tuberosa. ConclusionThe high-quality chloroplast genome of S. tuberosa was successfully assembled， providing valuable information on the structure and sequence features of chloroplast genomes in four Stemona species， including S. tuberosa. These findings lay a foundation for the identification， evolution， and phylogenetic studies of medicinal plants in the genus Stemona.

Quality evaluation of total flavonoids of Lamiophlomis rotata from different producing areas / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of total flavonoids of Lamiophlomis rotata from different producing areas. METHODS Total flavonoids of S1-S15 batches of L. rotata from different producing areas were extracted by percolation and purified by polyamide column. The content of total flavonoids was determined by UV spectrophotometry， and its purity was calculated. HPLC fingerprint chromatograms and control fingerprint of total flavonoids from 15 batches of L. rotata were established with Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM （2012 version）. Their similarities were analyzed. Cluster analysis， principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were used to evaluate the quality of total flavonoids from 15 batches of L. rotata， and the main components which affected the quality of total flavonoids were analyzed. RESULTS The purities of total flavonoids from 15 batches of L. rotata were 55.82%-94.12%， with an average value of 77.72%； a total of five common peaks were identified in the fingerprint， and No. 3 peak was luteolin； the similarities between the fingerprint of each batch of samples and the control fingerprint were 0.925-1.000. By cluster analysis， S1 and S3-S9 were clustered into the first class， which were samples from Qinghai Province and Tibet Autonomous Region. S14 and S15 were clustered into the second class， which were samples from Yunnan Province. S10-S13 were clustered into the third class， which were all samples from Sichuan Province. S2 was clustered into the fourth class. The principal component analysis showed that the qualities of samples from the first and fourth classes were better； peaks 2， 3 and 5 were identified as the main components that caused the differences among different batches of samples by orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis. CONCLUSIONS The qualities of total flavonoids of L. rotata from Qinghai Province and Tibet Autonomous Region are better.

Molecular Identification of Tibetan Codonopsis Plants Based on ITS2 and psbA-trnH Barcode / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo identify the molecular biology of various species of Tibetan Codonopsis plants based on internal transcribed spacer（ITS）2 and psbA-trnH sequence barcode technology. MethodThe genomic DNA of 28 Tibetan Codonopsis plant samples from four species （Codonopsis canescens，C. foetens subsp. nervosa，C. pilosula， and C. thalictrifolia var. mollis） were extracted，and the ITS2 and psbA-trnH sequences were amplified and sequenced. The related sequences of 81 Tibetan Codonopsis plant samples belonging to 15 species were downloaded from GenBank， and MEGA 6.0 was used for sequence comparison and mutation site analysis. The GC content and genetic distance within and between species were calculated. Additionally， phylogenetic trees were constructed by maximum likelihood （ML） method， neighbor-joining （NJ） method，and unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means （UPGMA） . ResultAccording to the mutation site，C. canescens， C. pilosula，C. pilosula subsp. tangshen， C. pilosula var. modesta，C. bhutanica，C. clematidea，C. lanceolata，C. subglobosa and C. foetens were distinguished. In the phylogenetic trees，the optimal clustering effects for ITS2 and psbA-trnH sequences were obtained using the ML method and the UPGMA method， respectively， and 12 species were effectively clustered. ConclusionITS2 and psbA-trnH sequences have a high identification rate for species of single origin，but there are still some limitations in identifying variants and original variants. This study provides basis for the identification of affinity relationship and clinical safety of Tibetan Codonopsis plants.

Study on the Effects of the Integration of Field Processing and Decoction Piece Processing on Chemical Com- position of Ligusticum chuanxiong Decoction Pieces / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the effects of the integration of field processing and decoction piece processing （hereinafter called “Integration”for short ）on chemical composition of Ligusticum chuanxiong decoction pieces. METHODS ：Fresh L. chuanxiong were collected from Dujiangyan and Pengzhou of Sichuan ；integrated decoction pieces of L. chuanxiong were prepared after washing ，drying in the shade （to about 28％ moisture content ），slicing and drying ；traditional decoction pieces was prepared after drying in the shade ，adding water to moisten （to the core ），slicing and drying. HPLC fingerprints of two kinds of decoction pieces samples （with 10 batches in each type ）were established. The determination was performed on WondaSil C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of 1％ formic acid solution-acetonitrile （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 285 nm，and the sample size was 10 μL. Using ligusticolide A as reference ，HPLC fingerprints of 20 batches of samples were drawn. The similarity of the fingerprints was evaluated with Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM （2004A edition ），and then common peaks were confirmed. The contents of chlorogenic acid ，ferulic acid and ligusticolide A were determined by above chromatographic condition. Single factor variance analysis was performed for comparison of the contents. RESULTS ：The similarity of HPLC fingerprints among 20 batches of samples was above 0.900. A total of 16 common peaks were determined ，7 of which were chlorogenic acid ，ferulic acid，ligusticolide Ⅰ，pine cypress ferulinate ，ligusticolide A ，n-butylphthalide and ligustilide ，respectively. The linear range of chlorogenic acid ，ferulic acid and ligusticolide A were 0.008-0.200 mg/mL（r＝0.999 9），0.010-0.140 mg/mL（r＝0.999 2）and 0.100-0.600 mg/mL（r＝0.999 3）；the limits of quantification were 0.002 8，0.000 6 and 0.005 0 mg/mL，respectively；the limits of detection were 0.000 8，0.000 1 and 0.001 0 mg/mL，respectively；RSDs of precision ，reproducibility and stability tests were all lower than 3％，and average recoveries were 96.27％-102.02％（RSD＜2％，n＝6）. The contents of above compositions in the integrated decoction pieces and traditional decoction pieces were（1.677 0±0.311 0），（1.562 7±0.124 5），（9.494 0±1.351 3）mg/g and（1.300 2±0.469 2），（1.388 0±0.209 9），（9.811 7±1.098 9）mg/g，respectively；there was no statistical significance between 2 groups（P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：The chemical composition of each batch of samples of L. chuanxiong integrated decoction pieces and traditional decoction pieces is consistent ，and the content of index components as chlorogenic acid ，ferulic acid and ligusticolide A in the decoction pieces is not affected by the integration processing. This process is feasible to a certain extent.

Textual Research on the Medical Use of Paederiae Herba / 中国药房

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE：To make a textual research on ethnic medicine Paederiae Herba，and to provide reference for further research and comprehensive development and utilization of Paederiae Herba. METHODS：Five materia medica works such as Compendium of Materia Medica Collection and Examination of Plant Names and Actual Maps，55 modern materia medica works such as Chinese materia medica and Flora of China published from 1960 to 2016，and a number of literatures were synthesized and sorted out. The name，original species，origins，harvesting and processing，flavor and meridian tropism and so on of P. scandens were studied. Its mainstream varieties were mainly clarified and use of them in various nationalities were sorted out. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS：The name of“Paederiae Herba”was first recorded in the Qing Dynasty’s Examination of Plant Names and Actual Maps. The main variety of Paederiae Herba was Paederia scandens （Lour.） Merr.，also known as “Jishiteng”. The medicinal part was the aboveground part. It distributed in bushes of hillsides，forests，forest margins，valleys and shrubs at an altitude of 200 to 2 000 meters or wound around shrubs. It was mainly produced in the Yangtze River Valley of China and its southern regions. The processing methods are mostly shade-drying or removing impurities，washing，cutting and drying. Its sweet， astringent，flat，and it can be used for digestion，pain relief，detoxification and clearing damp，and can be used for food retention， chest，abdomen and abdomen pain，eczema，sores，swelling and pain. It was used in the folk of Miao，Tujia and Zhuang nationalities in China. There are still some problems such as mixed varieties and different processing methods in the market circulation. All these have brought many challenges to the research of quality standard of Paederiae Herba.

Correlation of neurocognitive impairment and metabolic changes of thalamus in patients with chronic liver cirrhosis / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To analyze the relationship of neurocognitive impairments and 1 H MRS changes of the thalamus in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus related cirrhosis (HBV-RC).Methods Totally 28 patients with HBV-RC (cirrhosis group) and 28 well-matched healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled.All subjects underwent number connection test A (NCT-A) and the digit symbol test (DST) before MRS scanning.The ratios of peak area to each metabolite,including N-acetylaminosuccinic acid (NAA),choline (Cho),glutamine and glutamate (Glx),myoinositol (mI) and creatine (Cr) were calculated,respectively.Results Compared with control group,patients in cirrhosis group showed lower Cho/Cr and mI/Cr,higher Glx/Cr,prolonged NCT-A time and decreased DST scores (all P＜0.001).NCT-A completion time was negatively correlated with Cho/Cr and mI/Cr (r=-0.477,P =0.001;r=-0.695,P＜0.001) and positively correlated with Glx/Cr (r=0.665,P＜0.001).DST scores were positively correlated with Cho/Cr and mI/Cr (r =0.478,P =0.001;r=0.632,P＜0.001),and negatively correlated with Glx/Cr (r=-0.572,P＜0.001).Conclusion The neurocognitive impairments may be related to metabolic changes of the thalamus in patients with HBV RC.

Initial experience of using improved motion sensitized driven equilibrium prepared balanced steady-state free precession / 实用医学杂志

Objective To assess the application value of NCE-MRA using iMSDE prepared bSSFP sequence in lower limb in patients with diabetes. Methods This prospective study included a total of 35 patients with type II diabetes who underwent CE-MRA on the 1.5T MR scanner after the NCE-MRA. The obtained MIP images were independently rated by two radiologist with a four score table and using CE-MRA as a reference standard to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of NCE-MRA for the narrowed arteries. The difference of the percent age of diagnostic arterial segments between NCE-MRA and CE-MRA on diabetic patients was evaluated by the χ2 test. Results Compared with CE-MRA, the diagnostic-value arterial segment ratio of pelvic arteries on NCE-MRA is decreased significantly. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of two readers in NCE-MRA were 95%/87%, 96%/95%, 57%/72%, 99%/99%, and 96%/95%(k=0.76), respectively. Conclusions The NCE-MRA using iMSDE prepared bSSFP sequence is capable of depicting vascu-lar lesions for the lower extremities in diabetic patients with the advantages of contrast agent free, short scan times and good diagnostic value in the thigh and calves.

Alterations of Whole Brain Networks Degree Centrality in Patients with Primary Insomnia after Acupuncture Therapy:A Voxel-based Resting-state fMRI Research / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To investigate the value of degree centrality(DC),a novel resting-state fMRI parameter,in voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks analysis in primary insomnia(PI)after acupuncture therapy.[Methods]The resting state fMRI were performed in 29 PI patients and 22 age,education,and sex-matched normal healthy subjects. Analysis of DC map changes between the two patient groups and the control group were performed by two sample t test.(threshold at P<0.05).[Results]Compared with the control group,patients with PI showed significantly reduced DC value in middle temporal gyrus(MTG. R);hippocampus(HIP. B);parahippocampal gyrus(PHG. R);putamen(PUT. R);cuneus(CUN. L).[Conclusions]Changes of DC value occurred in some region of brain in the PI patient groups when compared with the control group. It was indicated that DC ,as a novel resting-state fMRI parameter in the voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks ,might be an appealing alternative approach for further study on pathologic and neuropsychological states of PI.

Brain Micro-structural Alterations of Cough Syrup Abuse Addiction Patients Containing Codeine Under Resting State / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To investigate the micro-structural alterations within whole brain white matter(WM) in cough syrup abuse addiction patients containing codeine,and to explore the correlation between aberrant WH and abuse time of cough medicine abuse patients.[Methods]Thirty cough syrup abuse addiction patients containing codeine and 30 controls participated in the study. Structural changes in FA and(mean diffusivity)MD were examined in cough syrup abuse addiction patients containing codeine which derived from DTI tractography. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to compare the mean FA value and duration of cough syrup abuse addiction in patients.[Results]Cough syrup abuse addiction patients containing codeine had lower FA value in bilateral anterior limb of internal capsule(ALIC)and higher MD in the bilateral hippocampus and insula,right anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)and superior temporal gyrus,compared to the controls. Cough syrup abuse addiction group also had positive correlation between mean FAvalues and duration of cough syrup abuse addiction in patients.[Conclusion]Micro-structural alterations within whole brain white matter(WM)are found in cough syrup abuse addiction patients containing codeine. This disturbance progresses as duration increases of cough syrup abuse addiction in patients.

Change of Whole Brain Degree in Primary Insomnia / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective] Based on the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the abnormal features of the functional connectivity of resting brain neural network in the patients with primary insomnia,by using voxel-wise whole-brain finctional networks analysis of degree centrality (DC) for imaging evidence of neural mechanisms underlying primary insomnia.[Methods] The resting state fMRI were performed in 59 PI patients and 47 age,education,and sex-matched normal healthy subjects.Analysis of DC map changes between the two patient groups and the control group were performed by two sample t test.(threshold at P ＜ 0.05).[Results] Compared with the control group,the patients with PI showed significantly reduced DC value in bilateral medial frontal gyrus (MFG),bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG),and right insula;and increased DC value in right middle temporal gyrus (MTG),and left cuneus,(CUN),P ＜ 0.05.[Conclusion]Changes of DC value occurred in some region of brain in the P[patient groups when compared with the control group.It was indicated that DC,as a novel resting-state fMRI parameter in the voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks,might be an appealing alternative approach for further study on pathologic and neuropsychological states of PI.

Iterative reconstruction improves imaging quality of low er -radiation CT perfusion in patients w ith acute ischemic stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate w hether the iterative reconstruction (iDose 4 ) technique improves imaging quality of the low-radiation-dose w hole brain CT perfusion (CTP). Methods Thirty-five consecutive patients w ith clinical y suspected ischemic stroke w ere col ected. Bril iance 256 iCT w as used to perform low-radiation-dose w hole brain CTP, and the filtered back projection (FBP) and iDose 4 algorithm w ere used to conduct image reconstruction. The noise and signal to noise ratio of the 2 kinds of reconstruction algorithms, as w el as the imaging quality of each parameter map w ere compared. Results The effective dose of the w hole brain CTP w as 2.2 mSv. Compared w ith FBP, the noise of each region of interest in the iDose4 Tmax map was decreased significantly ( P<0.05) and the signal to noise ratio was increased significantly (P<0.05). The imaging quality scores (median, interquartile range) reconstructed by FPB group w ere significantly low er than by iDose 4 for cerebral blood flow (CBF) map ( 5.00 [3.00-6.00]vs. 6.00 [5.00-6.00]; Z= -2.784, P=0.005), cerebral blood volume (CBV) map ( 6.00 [5.00-6.00] vs. 6.00 [6.00-7.00]; Z= -3.674, P<0.001), and mean transit time (MTT) map (4.00 [3.00-5.00] vs. 5.00 [4.00-6.00]; Z=3.394, P=0.001). The proportions of the poor quality in CBF map ( 34.3%vs. 11.4%;χ2 =7.036, P=0.030), CBV map (11.4%vs.2.9%; χ2 =7.485, P=0.024 ) and MTT map (28.6%vs.11.4%;χ2 =5.318, P=0.070) reconstructed by FBP w ere significantly higher than by iDose 4 . Conclusions The iDose4 technique may improve imaging quality of low er-radiation-dose CTP.

Comparison of breath-hold and respiratory-triggered proton MR spectroscopy in quantification of liver fat content / 实用医学杂志

Objective To compare the consistency and correlation of multiple breath-hold (BH) with respiratory-triggered (RT) 1H-MRS for quantification of hepatic lipid content. Methods Sixty subjects were underwent RT 1H-MRS of the liver (Couinaud segment VII) and BH 1H-MRS at 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonace Imaging (MRI). The peak areas of water and methylene obtained on RT and BH 1H-MRS were recorded respectively and the liver fat fraction was calculated. Pearson correlation coefficient , Bland-Altman 95% limit of agreement, and concordance correlation coefficient were calculated. Results Mean liver fat fraction measured in RT and BH 1H-MRS were (8.6 ± 8.7)% and (9.4 ± 9.3)% respectively. There was a strong correlation between RT and BH 1H-MRS(r = 0.973, P < 0.000 1, concordance correlation coefficient = 0.95). With the Bland-Altman method, 91.7% data points were within the 95% limits of agreement. Conclusion RT and BH 1H-MRS are alternative tools for intrahepatic lipid quantification. These two methods have a strong correlation and perfect consistency.

Evaluation of left ventricular hemodynamic changes of patients with hypertension by vector flow mapping / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the left ventricular hemodynamic changes of patients with hypertension by echocardiography using vector flow mapping (VFM).Methods Twenty-eight patients with hypertension (hypertension group) and 26 normal subjects (control group) were involved.All the subjects underwent conventional transthoracic echocardiographic examination and VFM on apical 3 chambers view.The evolution of velocity distribution,stream line and vorticity line in left ventricle were observed.Left ventricle was divided into basal,mid and apical segments,in which vorticity parameter (Vmax) were quantitatively measured and analyzed.Its relations to conventional left ventricular parameters (E,A,E/A,EDT,E/e') were then analyzed.Results ①Compared with the control group,LV end-diastolic,end-systolic volumes and E/e' significantly increased.The evolution of velocity distribution,stream line and vorticity in the hypertension group was slightly irregular.② In mid-diastole phase,vorticity of the control group showed the trend (middle＞ base ＞ apex)(P ＜0.05),which wasn't shown in hypertension group.In other phases,vorticity of both groups decreased from base to apex (P ＜0.05).③There were statistically differences in vorticity between the two groups in early diastolic phase,late diastolic phase of apex and late systolic phase of middle (P =0.045,0.004,0.015,respectively).④ There were negative correlations between Vmax in late diastolic phase of every segment and E/A (from basal segment to apex:r =-0.310,-0.334,-0.333;P =0.028,0.020,0.021).There was positive correlation between Vmax in isovolumic contraction time and E/e' (r =0.348,P =0.016).Conclusions VFM can be utilized to analyze left ventricular hemodynamics quantitatively and it may be a good supplement for assessing cardiac diastolic function.

Structural changes in the gray matter in patients with trigeminal neuralgia: a voxel-based morphometric study / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes in whole brain gray matter volume in patients with trigeminal neuralgia using voxel-based morphometry (VBM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-eight patients with trigeminal neuralgia and 28 healthy controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging with a Philips 1.5T MRI scanner. VBM was used to compare the structural differences in the whole brain gray matter between the two groups based on the DARTEL after data preprocessing with SPM8 software package.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the healthy controls, the patients with trigeminal neuralgia presented with decreased gray matter volume in several brain regions including the bilateral middle temporal gyrus, bilateral superior/middle frontal gyrus, left pre-/post-central gyrus, right fusiform and anterior cingulate gyrus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Patients with trigeminal neuralgia had abnormal gray matter volume in some brain regions associated with perception and processing of pain sensation. These changes may provide clues for further exploration of the neuropathogenic basis of trigeminal neuralgia.</p>

Establishment of acute vertebral artery thrombosis models in dogs:micro-balloon catheter temporary isolation for embolectomy / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:In order to avoid distal arterial embolism fol owing mechanical thrombectomy, micro-bal oon catheter temporary isolation is applied to prevent thrombus shedding. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety and feasibility of adopting the micro-bal oon catheter technique in treatment of the hyperacute cerebral infarction. The micro-bal oon catheter technique can temporarily block the artery blood flow and isolate the embolism location fol owing mechanical thrombectomy and aspiration combined with thrombolysis. METHODS:Ten beagle dogs were included in this study. Under general anesthesia, the micro-bal oon catheter was delivered to the dominant vertebral artery through the femoral artery in al the dogs and it was fil ed and temporarily blocked the blood flow. Then the autologous thrombus was injected through the micro-catheter into proximal vertebral artery to make a thrombosis model. Al the dogs were equal y divided into two groups according to the embolectomy method:control group (receiving pure stent embolectomy, n=5) and experimental group (n=5). The experiment group was disrupted and aspirated thrombus combined with the drug thrombolysis after temporarily blocking out the blood flow and isolating the target artery by micro-bal oon catheter technique. After treatment, two groups underwent digital subtraction angiography to review the vertebral artery recanalization after different embolectomy methods. The hemodynamic status was evaluated through the thrombolysis in cerebral ischemia grade. Al the dogs were scanned with magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging before modeling and at 12 hours after the thrombectomy. The animals were kil ed to perform pathological examination after magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (12 hours after the thrombectomy). The vessel recanalization rates and complications were calculated in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The thromboembolism model was successful y established in the dominant vertebral artery of al the 10 beagle dogs. In the control group, the vertebral arteries were completely successful recanalized in two dogs and were partly recanalized in three dogs, while the vertebral-basilar and intracranial arteries in one dog showed multiple smal punctate fil ing defects with poor intracranial arterial development and contrast agent reflux. At 12 hours after embolectomy, the magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging showed slightly high signal intensity at the left temporoparietal lobe and the pathologic examination suggested thrombosis in the cerebral artery lumen of the left temporal lobe. In the experimental group, the vertebral arteries in five dogs were completely recanalized without infarction. The revascularization rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Experimental findings indicate that, the application of disruption and aspiration thrombus combined with the drug thrombolysis after temporarily blocking the blood flow and isolating the target artery by micro-bal oon catheter technique in treatment of hyperacute cerebral infarction, can effectively prevent the smal embolus exfoliating, which can cause distal embolization. Thus, the micro-bal oon catheter technique is a safe, effective and relatively inexpensive interventional embolectomy.

Evaluation of diffusion weighted imaging after contrast in characterizing breast tumors / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of intravenous administration of gadolinium-DTPA on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)of breast lesions and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)values,and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of post-contrast ADC for differentiating benign from malignant lesions in breast.Methods Thirty-eight histopathologically-confirmed breast lesions were analyzed.We examined the signal to noise ratio(SNR)of normal breast tissue and lesions and evaluated the contrast to noise ratio(CNR)of each lesion.We also assessed the relation between pre-and post-contrast ADC values.Results SNRs and CNRs of DWI before and after contrast were not significantly different.The mean post-contrast ADC values for malignant lesions significantly decreased after contrast injected (mean of -1 1.6%),while ADC values in the benign lesions were not significantly different before and after contrast.Conclusion Post-contrast ADC values may be a better indicator of potential breast tumors than pre-contrast ADC values.

Research on the effects in primary end point events of uric acid intervention to old age hypertension patients with diabetes mellitus / 重庆医学

Objective In order to discuss the contribution and significance of lowering increased serum uric acid levels in cardio-vascular disease prevention and control .Methods All 100 hyperuricemia in senile patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus were received the standard drug treatments for bloodpressure ,blood sugar management .According to the patients′will divided them into uric acid intervention group(study group) and control group .The study group were given low purine diet and benzbromarone tablet (50 mg/day ,course of 1 year) ,then compare the changes between the 2 group and within each group after 3months ,6months and 1 years in the metabolism indexes before and after intervention (serum uric acid ,glycosylated hemoglobin ,fasting blood glu-cose ,2-hours postprandial glucose ,and the changes of dynamic blood pressure ) ,and follow-up the occurrence of cases in primary end point events (all-cause death ,total cardiovascular death) .Results (1)In study group ,3months ,6months and 1 years after in-tervention ,the serum uric acid lever was significantly lower than that before intervention and the control group ,P<0 .01 .(2)The study group patients′dynamic blood pressure was significantly lower than that before intervention and the control group after 6 ,12 months ,meanwhile the study group patients′success rate of dynamic blood pressure level is higher than themselves before the in-tervention after 6 ,12 months ,P<0 .05 .(3)The 2 groups of patients′glycosylated hemoglobin ,fasting plasma glucose ,2-hours post-prandial glucose ,control rate of blood glucose at each testing point before and after the intervention had no difference .(4)The oc-currence of cases between the 2 groups for all-cause death and total cardiovascular death had no difference .Conclusion (1)Reduc-ing the mortality and disability rate of hyperuricemia in elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus ,the most critical measures is still a reasonable standard blood pressure and blood sugar management .Based on this therapy ,effectively reducing the increased serum level of uric acid can improve the control rate of blood pressure .

Resting-state fMRI fALFF analysis in patients with non-fluent aphasia after ischemic stroke / 实用医学杂志

Objective To understand the impairment and compensation mechanism of brain function in pa-tients with non-fluent aphasia after ischemic stroke. The fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) method was used to analyze the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in the resting state between the aphasia patients and the normal controls. Methods The scans of the resting state of fMRI were performed in 17 aphasia patients and 19 age-, education-, and sex-matched healthy control subjects. The scan sequence was single-shot echo planar image,DPARSF software was used to analyze fALFF data of the aphasia patients and the healthy controls. Results Compared to the control group, the value in right superior temporal gurus, inferior parietal lob-ule, frontal lobe cortex, and postcentral gurus were significantly increased in the aphasia group. The fALFF in bilat-eral cerebellum and right thalamus were also decreased in the aphasia group. Conclusions The fALFF values in some brain region in the aphasia group were abnormal in the resting state , indicating a few pathological change of brain function in patients with non-fluent aphasia after ischemic stroke.

Variations in the intracranial vertebrobasilar system:a CT angiography study / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To evaluate the valuations of the intracranial vertebrobasilar arteries using CT angiography (CTA) in order to improve the understanding of various variants in intracranial vertebrobasilar arteries.Methods The CTA images of 435 subjects were analyzed retrospectively.The data were collected by a 16-slice CT scanner.All the CTA images were processed technically by the maximum intensity projection and volume rendering.The intracranial vertebrobasilar arteries were measured and analyzed.Results Among the 435 subjects,bilateral intracranial vertebral arteries (V4) showed symmetry in 183 (42.07％) and dissymmetry in 252 (57.93％).Hypoplasia were found in 27 subjects (6.21％) on the left V4 segments and 36 (8.28％) on the right V4 segments,and a total of 21 (4.83％) were directly continued as the ipsilateral posterior inferior cerebellar arteries on the unilateral V4 segments.There were 2 subjects (0.46％) with vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia.There were 32 subjects (7.36％) had fenestration variation,3 of them (0.69％) were on the V4 segments,10 (2.30％) at the junctions,and 19 (4.37％) in the basilar arteries.Two subjects (0.46％) had persistent trigeminal arteries.Conclusions The variations of intracranial vertebrobasilar arteries mainly include angiodysplasia,vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia,fenestration variation,and persistent trigeminal artery.As a noninvasive vascular imaging method,CTA may accurately and visually assess the anatomic variation of intracranial vertebrobasilar artery,and provide imaging guidance for the preoperative evaluation of posterior fossa surgery.